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Period
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Event
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c.8,500 - 8,000 BC
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Hunter Gatherers
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7,000 - 5,300 BC
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The first settlers: the Khirokitians
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4,000 - 2,500 BC
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Chalcolitic (Copper) Age: stone crucifix pendants are carved
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2,700 - 1,600 BC
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Cypriot Bronze Ages, Early and Middle: cattle, horses, and bronze making are introduced as well as highly individual pottery style
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1,600 - 1,050 BC
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The Late Bronze Age: period of sophisticated literate city states such as Enkomi-Alasia and Kition
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1,500 - 1,450 BC
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Hittite rule in Cyprus
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1,450 - 1,000 BC
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Beginning of the Egyptian domination of the island
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1,200 - 1,000 BC
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Establishment of the city states of Salamis (capital at the time), Soli, Marion, Paphos, Kurium, and Kyrenia; arrival of Greek colonies
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1,000 - 850 BC
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Iron Age - Cypro-Geometric Period. The coming of Iron, the Dorians and a Dark Age also known as Cypro-Geometric I and II
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850 - 750 BC
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Iron Age - Cypro-Geometric Period. The Phoenician-led Renaissance and Assyrian rule on the island.
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750 - 475 BC
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Iron Age - Cypro-Archaic Period. Time of the city-kingdoms despite the island being ruled by a succession of foreign countries for much of the period (Assyrians, from 709 BC; Egyptians, from c.570 BC; and Persians, from 545 BC).
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568 - 525 BC
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Egyptian domination
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525 - 333 BC
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Iron Age - Cypro-Classical Period sees the Persian occupation and the rule of the island and the duel between the city kingdoms of Kition and Salamis.
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333 - 58 BC
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Hellenistic rule: the heirs of the Alexander the Great rule the island
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58 BC - 395 AD
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Roman Empire ruling Cyprus: 350 years of quiet provincial prosperity
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395 - 649 AD
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Island becomes a part of the Byzantine Empire when Cyprus is gradually converted from paganism to Orthodox Christianity (Early Byzantine period)
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649 - 965 AD
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A second Dark Age: the island is caught on the frontier between the two warring empires of Byzantium and Islam
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965 - 1191
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Return of the island to Byzantium (Late Byzantine period)
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1191 - 1192
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Rule of the island by Richard I (the Lionheart), of England and later by the Knights Templars
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1192 - 1489
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Rule of the island by the Frankish Lusignan Dynasty
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1489 - 1570
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Venetian domination of Cyprus
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1571 - 1878
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Conquest of the island by the Ottoman Empire
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1878 - 1925
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In accordance with a defence-alliance between Britain and the Ottoman Empire, the administration of Cyprus passes to Britain
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1925 - 1960
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Cyprus is annexed by Britain when Ottoman Empire enters into the World War I on the side of Germany; subsequently the island becomes a Crown Colony and under the British rule
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1960
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Foundation of the Republic of Cyprus (by the Turkish and Greek-Cypriot communities)
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1963
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Inter-communal strife in Cyprus and the subsequent collapse of the constitutional rule
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1974
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Coup d'etat by Greek army officers stationed on the island to overthrow the President (Makarios) with the aim of uniting the island with Greece; subsequent Turkish Military intervention (under the provisions of the Treaty of Guarantee of the Republic of Cyprus)
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1974
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Division of the island into Turkish-Cypriot North and Greek-Cypriot South
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1975
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Declaration of the Turkish Federated State of Cyprus, to pave way for a federal settlement on the island
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1983
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Foundation of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
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1990
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The 'Republic of Cyprus' (effectively the Greek-Cypriot South Cyprus) applied for full membership to the EU on 4th July 1990. This application was made without the consent of the Turkish-Cypriot Community as was required by the Constitution of the 'Republic of Cyprus'.
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2002-3
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Dialogue and negotiations between Presidents Denktash & Klerides to unify the North & South before EU entry
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2003
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After 30 years, borders open between North and South Cyprus on 23 April 2003, following the Turkish-Cypriot Authorities' easing of the restrictions.
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2004
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Twin-Referendums on uniting the island under the UN Annan's Plan - accepted by Turkish-Cypriots, but rejected by Greek-Cypriots. Island (effectively Greek-Cypriot Southern Cyprus) becomes a member of the EU.
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